考研英語(yǔ)翻譯沖刺階段的復(fù)習(xí)秘訣
在考研英語(yǔ)翻譯題中，我們經(jīng)常會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)句子中嵌入的否定成分。小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備了考研英語(yǔ)翻譯沖刺階段的復(fù)習(xí)秘訣，歡迎大家前來(lái)閱讀。
考研英語(yǔ)翻譯沖刺復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)：否定成分的轉(zhuǎn)譯
(一)否定主語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為否定謂語(yǔ)
No energy can be created, and none destroyed.能量既不能創(chuàng)造，也不能毀滅。
No sound was heard.沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到聲音。
Neither plan is practicable.兩個(gè)方案都行不通。
(二)否定謂語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為否定狀語(yǔ)
He doesn’t study in the classroom.他不在教室里學(xué)習(xí)。
I was not playing all the time.我并不是一直都在玩。
The woman did not come here to ask us for help.這位婦女來(lái)這兒不是為了求得我們的幫助。
Metals do not change their form as easily as plastic bodies do.金屬不像塑料物體那樣容易變形。
(三)否定主句的謂語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為否定賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)
1.常常出現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞think, believe, except, suppose, imagine, reckon, fancy, anticipate, figure等后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中。
I don’t think that they must have arrived there by now.我認(rèn)為他們現(xiàn)在一定還沒(méi)有到達(dá)那里。
I don’t suppose they will object to my suggestion.我想他們不會(huì)反對(duì)我的建議的。
I didn’t imagine that he would go abroad.我料想他不會(huì)出國(guó)了。
2.當(dāng)有view, wish, belief, thought, opinion等名詞作主句的表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)
It is not my opinion that he is the best man for the job.我認(rèn)為他并不是做這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。
It is not my thought that he can finish the work within a week.我認(rèn)為他不可能在一周內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作。
It is not my wish that you should break your word.我希望你不要違背諾言。
(四)主句的否定轉(zhuǎn)換為從句的否定
She did not come because she wanted to see me.她并非因?yàn)橄胍?jiàn)我才來(lái)。
You should not despise him because he is young.你不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樗贻p就輕視他。
考研英語(yǔ)翻譯沖刺復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：插入結(jié)構(gòu)
一、副詞插入語(yǔ)
Apparently, it is going to rain.很明顯，要下雨了。
Fortunately, I passed the examination.幸運(yùn)的是，我通過(guò)了考試。
Incidentally, your proposal has been put to the discussion at the meeting.順便說(shuō)一句，你的建議已經(jīng)提交會(huì)議進(jìn)行討論了。
He was luckier, however, because he was only slightly wounded.然而，他比較幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)樗皇鞘芰它c(diǎn)輕傷。
He is young. He has much experience in teaching English, though.他很年輕，但是他有豐富的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
二、形容詞短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ)
一般翻譯為“…的是，…”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。
Most important of all, computers create wide communication around the world.最重要的是，計(jì)算機(jī)在世界范圍內(nèi)建立了廣泛的交流。
I slept late yesterday morning; worse still, my bike was out of order.昨天早上我起得晚。更糟糕的是，我的自行車壞了。
Strange enough, he doesn’t know that famous writer.奇怪的是，他竟然不知道那位著名的作家。
三、介詞短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ)
all in all(總而言之)，as a matter of fact(事實(shí)上)，as a result(結(jié)果)，at worst(在最壞的情況下)，by the way(順便說(shuō)一句)，first of all(首先)，for example(例如)，in conclusion(總之，最后)，in fact(事實(shí)上)，in effect(實(shí)際上)，in my opinion(依我我看來(lái)，我認(rèn)為)，in other words(換句話說(shuō)，換言之)，in short(簡(jiǎn)言之)，to my delight(讓我高興的是)，to one’s amazement(使某人驚訝的是)，to one’s deep regret(使某人深感遺憾的是)，to one’s relief(使某人感到欣慰的是)，to one’s surprise(使某人感到吃驚的是)等。
China, in fact, has caught up with and surpassed the world advanced levels in many respects.事實(shí)上，中國(guó)已經(jīng)在許多方面趕上和超過(guò)了世界先進(jìn)水平。
What happen to him, by the way?順便問(wèn)一句，他后來(lái)怎么樣了?
All in all, her condition is greatly improved.總之，他的健康狀況已經(jīng)大大的改善了。
四、不定式短語(yǔ)作插入結(jié)構(gòu)
so to speak(可以這樣說(shuō))，to tell you the truth(老實(shí)對(duì)你說(shuō))，to be frank(說(shuō)句實(shí)話)，to begin with(首先)，to start with(首先)，to be more exact(更確切地說(shuō))，to sum up(總之，概括地說(shuō))，to put it briefly(簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)來(lái))，to put it in another way(換句話說(shuō))，to make a long story short(長(zhǎng)話短說(shuō))，to say the least of it(至少可以這樣說(shuō))，needless to say(不用說(shuō))，strange to say(說(shuō)來(lái)奇怪)，to conclude(總之，最后)，to be sure(可以肯定的說(shuō))，to be specific(具體說(shuō)來(lái))，to be precise(準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō))，to speak frankly(坦白地說(shuō))等等。
To tell you the truth, I haven’t bought anything for a year. 老實(shí)對(duì)你說(shuō)，我一年來(lái)什么東西都沒(méi)有買過(guò)。
It wasn’t a very good dinner, to say the least of it.至少可以這樣說(shuō)，這次宴會(huì)并不成功。
The movie, to be frank, moved me to tears.坦白地說(shuō)，這部電影把我感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。
She wrote, to be exact, ten novels in her lifetime.確切地說(shuō)，她一生寫(xiě)了十部小說(shuō)。
五、分詞短語(yǔ)作插入結(jié)構(gòu)
considering…(考慮到)，all things considered(從整體來(lái)看)，allowing for…(考慮到)，generally speaking(一般說(shuō)來(lái))，judging from…(從...來(lái)判斷)，putting it another way(換句話說(shuō))，roughly speaking(大體說(shuō)來(lái))，taking account of…(考慮到)，taking all things into consideration(全面看來(lái))，taking… as an example(以…為例)，talking of…(說(shuō)道)，speaking of…(說(shuō)道)，strictly speaking(嚴(yán)格地說(shuō))等等。
Judging from the handwriting, it should be written by our teacher.從字跡上判斷，這應(yīng)該是我們老師寫(xiě)的。
Generally speaking, she’s not quite fit for this kind of work.總的來(lái)說(shuō)，他不太適合做這種工作。
You managed the project very well, considering your inexperience.考慮到你缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，你對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的處理得已經(jīng)很好了。
六、主謂結(jié)構(gòu)作插入結(jié)構(gòu)
I think(我認(rèn)為)，I hope(我希望)，I guess(我想)，I’m afraid(恐怕)，I believe(我認(rèn)為，我相信)，I suppose(我想，我認(rèn)為)，I wonder(我想知道)，you see(你應(yīng)該明白)，you know(你知道)，don’t you think(難道你不認(rèn)為)，don’t you know(難道你不知道)，I tell you(我告訴你)，it seems(似乎)，it seems to me(在我看來(lái)，這似乎)，it is said(據(jù)說(shuō))，it is suggested(有人認(rèn)為)等等。
The man, I think, does not deserve the prize.我認(rèn)為，那個(gè)人不應(yīng)該得獎(jiǎng)。
The air is rather refreshing, I suppose.我想，那里的空氣應(yīng)該很宜人。
Honesty, I believe, is her virtue.我認(rèn)為，誠(chéng)實(shí)是她的美德。
七、what we call句型作插入結(jié)構(gòu)
似的句型還有：what we used to call, what is called, what they described as, what can be called, what they regarded as, as we call it, as we know it等。通常翻譯為“所謂的…”，可以按照英語(yǔ)原文順序直接翻譯。
He is what we call a walking dictionary.他就是所謂的活字典。
Most of what they regarded as geniuses are successful only because they have made extraordinary effort.大部分所謂的天才是由于付出了非凡的努力才獲得成功的。
考研英語(yǔ)翻譯沖刺復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)：多讀翻譯法
一讀最多只能花四分鐘里面的30秒鐘，一讀的目的是拆分句子，即斷句。
斷句點(diǎn)有哪些?連詞、介詞、引導(dǎo)詞。最好的斷句方法是根據(jù)英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法來(lái)找出主句、從句，找出主語(yǔ)，找出謂語(yǔ)。
2007年
The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally legal learning has been viewed in such institutions the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law. ?
If the study of law is beginning to establish as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflection on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.?
(48)But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. (49)In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.?
Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (50)While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.?
二讀：拿到一句話最多只能看30秒鐘，就要開(kāi)始寫(xiě)漢字了。二讀的目的就是要打草稿了。二讀是以一小節(jié)一小節(jié)為主。
(46) Traditionally legal learning has been viewed /in such institutions the special preserve of lawyers, /rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. 譯文：在這些學(xué)院中傳統(tǒng)的法律學(xué)習(xí)被認(rèn)為是律師的專業(yè)受過(guò)教育的人的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備的必要部分。
preserve 保存
三讀英語(yǔ)：三讀的目的就是連漢字。首先應(yīng)該注意順序原則。注意適當(dāng)調(diào)整的同時(shí)，適當(dāng)增減。還可以進(jìn)行同義替換。最后是書(shū)寫(xiě)譯文。
需要注意的:1.有意義的單詞都用漢字寫(xiě)下來(lái)。2.還是首先按照英語(yǔ)的順序連接，英語(yǔ)不通時(shí)，再按漢語(yǔ)順序連接。
(47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner /which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis /as they cover and comment on the news.
它以一種方式把這些概念和日常現(xiàn)實(shí)聯(lián)系在一起，這種聯(lián)系是與記者在日常的新聞報(bào)道和新聞評(píng)論時(shí)所形成的
cover news cover在這兒是報(bào)道的意思
comment 評(píng)論
四讀的是漢語(yǔ)，花三至四秒鐘。四讀漢語(yǔ)的目的就是修改譯文。
修改譯文的角度：1.看看是否有漏譯、錯(cuò)譯。主干結(jié)構(gòu)的詞即主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)是不能漏掉的。2.看看漢語(yǔ)是否有錯(cuò)別字，是否通順。3.同義替換，改變順序，適當(dāng)增減。
如：purely abstract 就應(yīng)已成及其抽象，而不能已成純粹抽象
03年
63)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.
make 使得
unique 獨(dú)特
distinctly 本意是區(qū)別 distinctly important 是極其重要的意思
如何如修改?適當(dāng)改變順序，適當(dāng)增加或同義替換，適當(dāng)增減。
07年
(48)But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.
譯文：記者必須比普通市民更了解法律，這種觀點(diǎn)取決于新聞媒體的已經(jīng)建立的慣例以及特殊責(zé)任的理解。
profoundly 更深刻地
rests on 取決于
08年
48) On the other hand, he did not accept as,/well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, /while he was a good observer, /he had no power of reasoning.
他不接受一些批評(píng)家對(duì)他的指責(zé)，
charge 指責(zé)、指控
他不接受一些批評(píng)家對(duì)他的指責(zé)：雖然他善于觀察，但他卻沒(méi)有推理能力,他認(rèn)為這毫無(wú)依據(jù)。
charge 指責(zé)、指控 well-founbded 有依據(jù)的。
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考研英語(yǔ)翻譯沖刺階段的復(fù)習(xí)秘訣
