雅思大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)詳
很多同學(xué)在準(zhǔn)備雅思作文的時(shí)候,會(huì)把精力放在背單詞,背范文例句上。特別是大學(xué)生,他們?cè)跍?zhǔn)備雅思寫作考試的時(shí)候,會(huì)把以前在準(zhǔn)備大學(xué)四六級(jí)作文時(shí)背誦的一些優(yōu)秀句型拿來(lái)進(jìn)行套用。很多人忽視了雅思作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的第一項(xiàng),任務(wù)回應(yīng)(Task Response)。下面是小編給大家?guī)?lái)的雅思大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)詳解,希望能幫到大家!
雅思大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)詳解--應(yīng)題Task Response
任務(wù)回應(yīng)是雅思大作文中非常重要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。如果可以使用正確的簡(jiǎn)單句型來(lái)完成這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn),基本作文分?jǐn)?shù)就會(huì)在5.5分,達(dá)到大部分人配語(yǔ)言課的最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。那這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)意味著什么呢?讓我們來(lái)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的解析。
1.Did your answer address all of the points in the question?
中文含義:是否回答了問(wèn)題中涵蓋的內(nèi)容。(實(shí)質(zhì)為: 避免掉入題干中的邏輯陷阱)
例1:Some people think that physical education should be a compulsory subject at schools. Do you agree or disagree?
很多人拿到題目,匆匆一瞥,就會(huì)覺(jué)得題目很簡(jiǎn)單,不就是學(xué)校要不要開設(shè)體育課么?殊不知,漏看這個(gè)題目中的一個(gè)重要單詞(compulsory 強(qiáng)制的),就讓自己和6分說(shuō)再見(jiàn)了。在這道題中,需要理解成,體育課應(yīng)該成為學(xué)校的強(qiáng)制課程。如果在回答的時(shí)候,只是泛泛而談體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處,就會(huì)導(dǎo)致走題。
結(jié)論: 題目中提到的形容詞,副詞,都是讓這個(gè)題目與眾不同的部分,必須十分小心。
例2:Some people think that media, such as TV and Internet, have more effects on children than parents do. Do you agree or disagree?
學(xué)生在讀完題目以后,會(huì)清楚的理解成媒體對(duì)孩子比父母對(duì)孩子的影響,你同意還是不同意。然后在寫作的時(shí)候,學(xué)生一般喜歡犯兩類錯(cuò)誤。第一種,全篇都在獨(dú)立地描述媒體和父母對(duì)孩子的影響,而沒(méi)有對(duì)兩部分進(jìn)行對(duì)比。這樣的話,就等于完全沒(méi)有回答題目中的問(wèn)題。第二種,學(xué)生會(huì)寫到,父母對(duì)孩子很好,而媒體不會(huì)考慮到孩子的感受。同樣,完全沒(méi)有進(jìn)行雙方對(duì)比。
結(jié)論:題目中提出關(guān)于某一方優(yōu)勢(shì)大于另外一方的問(wèn)題,需要對(duì)雙方內(nèi)容進(jìn)行對(duì)比,要不也會(huì)造成走題。
例3:Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. To what extent do you agree or disagree.
在雅思考試的題目中,每一個(gè)題目的最后一句話,被稱為提問(wèn)方式。很多學(xué)生掃一眼就開始答題。事實(shí)上,提問(wèn)方式?jīng)Q定了全文的結(jié)構(gòu)布局。比如,對(duì)于提問(wèn)方式“雙方討論給出你的觀點(diǎn)”而言,如果只是提到一個(gè)觀點(diǎn),而不涉及另外一個(gè),就屬于走題。而對(duì)于“在多大程度上你同意還是不同意”,無(wú)法給出你明確的同意或者不同意的傾向性,也屬于走題。
結(jié)論:題目中的提問(wèn)方式?jīng)Q定了全文的展開方式和內(nèi)容,需要謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待。但也不需要因此而讓文章結(jié)構(gòu)過(guò)于死板,只要按照所問(wèn),回答相關(guān)的問(wèn)題就可以符合要求。
2.Did you provide a balanced argument and support your ideas with evidence and examples?
中文含義:是否能寫出一個(gè)比較平衡的論點(diǎn),并且用證據(jù)和例子對(duì)自己的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行支持。(實(shí)質(zhì)為:避免一邊倒;避免觀點(diǎn)不展開)
在雅思作文中,不太建議使用“一邊倒”的寫法,就是只討論話題的好或者壞。建議是對(duì)話題雙方進(jìn)行討論,完成一個(gè)富有critical thinking(批判性思維)的文章寫作。
另外,在考試的過(guò)程中,只要是觀點(diǎn),就需要進(jìn)行展開論述。何為展開呢?讓我們先看一下六級(jí)范文是如何對(duì)出國(guó)讀書進(jìn)行論述的吧。
To begin with, studying in a developed country enables young people to learn the latest science and technology, to enrich their experiences, to build their minds, to extend their visions and to broaden their horizon.
可以看出,作者對(duì)出國(guó)讀書抱著非常支持的態(tài)度,用了一系列的to do的排比,來(lái)證明自己的觀點(diǎn)。然而,這樣的內(nèi)容,在雅思作文中得不到較高的分?jǐn)?shù)。因?yàn)椋績(jī)?nèi)容都沒(méi)有展開。那何為展開呢?就是需要在得到某一種結(jié)論之前,進(jìn)行合理的推導(dǎo)。比如,文章中提到出國(guó)可以開拓眼界。那就需要解釋,什么樣的人,去了哪里,用了什么樣的方式,如何開拓了眼界。
雅思移民類小作文寫作策略詳解
★ 任務(wù)導(dǎo)航:分值占總分的三分之一,時(shí)間20分鐘,至少150字,要想獲得高分,需要寫200字左右,書信寫作完全由考生虛擬情節(jié),不僅要求考生具備相當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)語(yǔ)言能力,還要求考生有一定的生活閱歷。書信包括:道歉信、邀請(qǐng)信、求職信、投訴信、感謝信、詢問(wèn)信等。
★ 投訴信:這類書信要求考生對(duì)所抱怨的情況進(jìn)行投訴,表達(dá)我的不滿并提出要求。
★ 高分秘笈: 思路清晰、語(yǔ)料豐富、書寫迅速 。
?、?Your neighbor always burns rubbish in the garden, causing environmental problems. Write a letter to the residents’ committee. You should express your complaint, describe the effect, and suggest how to solve the problem.
?、?Several days ago, you bought a CD player at a department store. Today you are surprised to find that it is out of order. Now write a letter to the management of the store and ask them to replace it with a new one.
?、?Your neighbor has two dogs and they cause you great trouble every day. Write a letter to the residents’ committee to complain about it.
★ 詢問(wèn)信:這類書信的寫作目的是尋求我所需的信息。
★ 寫作思路:信息來(lái)源,表明興趣,寫信意圖,寫信背景,就題論事,希望早日收到回復(fù),感謝幫助。
?、?You learn from a newspaper that there will be an exhibition this Sunday. Write a letter to get more information about it.
?、?You decide to hold a picnic at park. Write a letter to the manager of the park to inquire about how to rent the place for your picnic.
?、?There is private sports club, and you would like to join it. Now write a letter to ask how you can become a member of the club.
★ 感謝信:由于在某地得到收信人的幫助,我寫作向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖兄x。信中敘事要具體;主要過(guò)程要清楚,態(tài)度要熱情,結(jié)尾要再次表示感謝。
?、?You stayed in a hospital due to illness and received professional care and treatment. After returning home, write a letter to express your appreciation of the professional service of the doctors and nurses.
?、?You took a short training course in New Zealand and Stayed at a friend’s home. Now you have arrived home and you find that you felt your laptop there. Write a letter to thank them for their hospitality and ask him/her to send you the laptop by mail.
?、?You were invited by a local friend to have a picnic and you enjoyed a lot. Now write a latter to express you appreciation
★ 求職信:何時(shí)何地從何媒體知道了該消息,個(gè)人興趣,寫信目的,介紹個(gè)人教育背景,工作經(jīng)歷,愛(ài)好性格等。希望給予面試的機(jī)會(huì)。
?、?A company is recruiting some workers. Write a letter of application.
?、?A tourist agency is recruiting a tourist guide. Now write a letter to apply for.
?、?There are some vacancies available in a school. Now write a letter to apply for.
移民類的大作文區(qū)別于留學(xué)類的大作文,但是也有很多題目的交集,比如國(guó)際游;單一還是多元職業(yè)選擇;古老建筑保護(hù),兒童看電視的利弊;人口老齡化等等。但是移民考試類的歷來(lái)重點(diǎn)集中在兒童教育;電視利弊;女性話題;健康話題;工作話題等,備考的童鞋務(wù)必先準(zhǔn)備好這些題目的觀點(diǎn)句。如果時(shí)間緊迫,請(qǐng)先練習(xí)第4,8,14,18,20題,祝??忌鷫?mèng)想成真,博取高分。