托福英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是怎樣的
寫(xiě)作是人們表達(dá)思想的一種重要手段,我們稱(chēng)之為comprehensive test的綜合測(cè)試,體現(xiàn)的是學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。因?yàn)樗粌H考核考生對(duì)詞匯的掌握、對(duì)語(yǔ)法的應(yīng)用 ,同時(shí)也考查了學(xué)生的表達(dá)能力、思維的邏輯性和條理性。我們知道,學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)需掌握四種技能:聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)。那么,你知道托福英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是怎樣的嗎?
托福英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是怎樣的
一、5分---滿(mǎn)分
Score:5
Task Description
A response at this level successfully selects the important information from the lecture and coherently and accurately presents this information in relation to the relevant information presented in the reading。 The response is well organized, and occasional language errors that are present do not result in inaccurate or imprecise presentation of content or connections。小馬過(guò)河孫慧芳老師解析:新托福綜合寫(xiě)作5分的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)給出了四項(xiàng)要求:
第一, 要求考生從聽(tīng)力當(dāng)中找尋到重要信息。
第二, 要清晰準(zhǔn)確地陳述閱讀和聽(tīng)力的關(guān)系。綜合寫(xiě)作閱讀和聽(tīng)力目前只考察一種關(guān)系:聽(tīng)力反駁閱讀。
第三,文章組織良好。其中文章結(jié)構(gòu)框架可以用句型和模板;文章語(yǔ)言組織難度遠(yuǎn)低于獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作,因?yàn)榫C合寫(xiě)作不能摻雜任何個(gè)人的觀(guān)點(diǎn),要求客觀(guān)陳述讀到和聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容,因此需要的主要信息均來(lái)自閱讀和聽(tīng)力。
第四, 滿(mǎn)分是可以允許有偶爾的語(yǔ)言小錯(cuò)誤。很多同學(xué)困惑何為嚴(yán)重的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,何為小錯(cuò)誤,我們只要通過(guò)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的判斷:影響語(yǔ)義理解的都可以被看作嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。綜合寫(xiě)作特別強(qiáng)調(diào)如果有極少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤依然可以拿到滿(mǎn)分。若追求5分滿(mǎn)分,將聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容記多記全,聽(tīng)力聽(tīng)得越好,拿到滿(mǎn)分的希望越高。
二、4分---高分
Task Description
A response at this level is generally good in selecting the important information from the lecture and in coherently and accurately presenting this information in relation to the relevant information in the reading, but it may have minor omission, inaccuracy, vagueness, or imprecision of some content from the lecture or in connection to points made in the reading。 A response is also scored at this level if it has more frequent or noticeable minor language errors, as long as such usage and grammatical structures do not result in anything more than an occasional lapse of clarity or in the connection of ideas。
解析:綜合寫(xiě)作4分的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)依然先考察學(xué)生是否從聽(tīng)力中找尋到重要信息,并且考察是否能清晰準(zhǔn)確地陳述閱讀和聽(tīng)力的關(guān)系,這兩點(diǎn)上和滿(mǎn)分要求一致,那一分扣在哪里了呢? 4分和5分不同的地方評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用了一個(gè)“but”轉(zhuǎn)折, 如果考生寫(xiě)作中出現(xiàn)陳述聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容時(shí)出現(xiàn)小的遺漏,不精確,模糊或者不準(zhǔn)確將被扣除1分。或者陳述閱讀和聽(tīng)力關(guān)系有誤,聽(tīng)力反駁閱讀天然拿分,因此陳述關(guān)系的句型框架要提前準(zhǔn)備。如:The lecturer made the point that……,which differs from the main idea in the reading that……。最后4分也有對(duì)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤的要求。總體而言,綜合寫(xiě)作的評(píng)分對(duì)于語(yǔ)言的要求要低于獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作。并不對(duì)遣詞造句提出嚴(yán)格的要求,而只是對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的頻率和嚴(yán)重程度進(jìn)行了界定。因此,若想綜合寫(xiě)作不失分,謹(jǐn)記聽(tīng)力筆記,謹(jǐn)防聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容寫(xiě)出偏差。
三、3分-中國(guó)考生平均分
新托福綜合寫(xiě)作的分?jǐn)?shù)分布是橄欖形的,中間段最多,滿(mǎn)分和低分都很少。綜合寫(xiě)作的閱讀難度遠(yuǎn)低于托福閱讀,綜合寫(xiě)作的聽(tīng)力難度也不難于托福聽(tīng)力,但是綜合寫(xiě)作拿到3分以上卻不簡(jiǎn)單。 很多考生參加托??荚嚦隽丝紙?chǎng)感覺(jué)綜合寫(xiě)作很好,大部分都聽(tīng)懂了,結(jié)果出來(lái)分?jǐn)?shù)就不理想。這到底是為什么呢?我們看一下綜合寫(xiě)作3分的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Task Description
A response at this level contains some important information from the lecture and conveys some relevant connection to the reading, but it is marked by one or more of the following:
1) Although the overall response is definitely oriented to the task, it conveys only vague, global, unclear, or somewhat imprecise connection of the points made in the lecture to points made in the reading。
2) The response may omit one major key point made in the lecture。
3) Some key points made in the lecture or the reading, or connections between the two, may be incomplete, inaccurate, or imprecise。
4) Errors of usage and/or grammar may be more frequent or may result in noticeably vague expressions or obscured meanings in conveying ideas and connections。
解析:綜合寫(xiě)作3分依然首先要求從聽(tīng)力當(dāng)中找尋到重要信息,并闡述聽(tīng)力和閱讀的關(guān)系是怎樣的。如果你犯了以下一個(gè)或者多個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,就會(huì)被打到3分。其中第二項(xiàng)是中國(guó)考生常被扣分的原因:聽(tīng)力遺失一個(gè)要點(diǎn)將被扣除兩分。綜合寫(xiě)作聽(tīng)力一共有幾個(gè)點(diǎn)呢?3個(gè)。因此,注意聽(tīng)力每段的主要內(nèi)容,并寫(xiě)作時(shí)不要出現(xiàn)措辭偏差。