中秋節(jié)由來英語介紹
中秋節(jié)由來英語介紹
對(duì)于國人來說,中秋節(jié)是個(gè)特別重要的日子。你知道中秋節(jié)由來英語介紹嗎?相信不少人都不是很清楚吧,下面學(xué)習(xí)啦小編就給大家介紹中秋節(jié)由來英語介紹,感興趣的一起來看看吧!
中秋節(jié)由來英語介紹
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, usually in October in Gregorian calendar.
每年農(nóng)歷八月十五日,是傳統(tǒng)的中秋佳節(jié)。這時(shí)是一年秋季的中期,所以被稱為中秋。
The festival has a long history. In ancient China, emperors followed the rite of offering sacrifices to the sun in spring and to the moon in autumn. Historical books of the Zhou Dynasty had had the word "Mid-Autumn". Later aristocrats and literary figures helped expand the ceremony to common people. They enjoyed the full, bright moon on that day, worshipped it and expressed their thoughts and feelings under it. By the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the Mid-Autumn Festival had been fixed, which became even grander in the Song Dynasty (960-1279). In the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties, it grew to be a major festival of China.
中秋節(jié)有悠久的歷史,和其它傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日一樣,也是慢慢發(fā)展形成的,古代帝王有春天祭日,秋天祭月的禮制,早在《周禮》一書中,已有“中秋”一詞的記載。后來貴族和文人學(xué)士也仿效起來,在中秋時(shí)節(jié),對(duì)著天上又亮又圓一輪皓月,觀賞祭拜,寄托情懷,這種習(xí)俗就這樣傳到民間,形成一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的活動(dòng),一直到了唐代,這種祭月的風(fēng)俗更為人們重視,中秋節(jié)才成為固定的節(jié)日,《唐書·太宗記》記載有“八月十五中秋節(jié)”,這個(gè)節(jié)日盛行于宋朝,至明清時(shí),已與元旦齊名,成為我國的主要節(jié)日之一。
Folklore about the origin of the festival go like this: In remote antiquity, there were ten suns rising in the sky, which scorched all crops and drove people into dire poverty. A hero named Hou Yi was much worried about this, he ascended to the top of the Kunlun Mountain and, directing his superhuman strength to full extent, drew his extraordinary bow and shot down the nine superfluous suns one after another. He also ordered the last sun to rise and set according to time. For this reason, he was respected and loved by the people and lots of people of ideals and integrity came to him to learn martial arts from him. A person named Peng Meng lurked in them.
相傳,遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)候天上有十日同時(shí)出現(xiàn),曬得莊稼枯死,民不聊生,一個(gè)名叫后羿的英雄,力大無窮,他同情受苦的百姓,登上昆侖山頂,運(yùn)足神力,拉開神弓,一氣射下九個(gè)多太陽,并嚴(yán)令最后一個(gè)太陽按時(shí)起落,為民造福。后羿因此受到百姓的尊敬和愛戴,不少志士慕名前來投師學(xué)藝,心術(shù)不正的蓬蒙也混了進(jìn)來。
中秋節(jié)的傳說故事
相傳唐玄宗與申天師及道士鴻都中秋望月,突然玄宗興起游月宮之念,于是天師作法,三人一起步上青云,漫游月宮。但宮前有守衛(wèi)森嚴(yán),無法進(jìn)入,只能在外俯瞰長安皇城。在此之際,忽聞仙聲陣陣,清麗奇絕,宛轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)人!唐玄宗素來熟通音律,于是默記心中。這正是“此曲只應(yīng)天上有,人間能得幾回聞!”日后玄宗回憶月宮仙娥的音樂歌聲,自己又譜曲編舞,這便是歷史上有名的“霓裳羽衣曲”。
中秋節(jié)習(xí)俗
中國地緣廣大,人口眾多,風(fēng)俗各異,中秋節(jié)的過法也是多種多樣,并帶有濃厚的地方特色。
在福建浦城,女子過中秋要穿行南浦橋,以求長壽。在建寧,中秋夜以掛燈為向月宮求子的吉兆。上杭縣人過中秋,兒女多在拜月時(shí)請(qǐng)?jiān)鹿?。龍巖人吃月餅時(shí),家長會(huì)在中央挖出直徑二、三寸的圓餅供長輩食用,意思是秘密事不能讓晚輩知道。這個(gè)習(xí)俗是源于月餅中藏有反元?dú)秤嵪⒌膫髡f。金門中秋拜月前要先拜天公。
廣東潮汕各地有中秋拜月的習(xí)俗,主要是婦女和小孩,有“男不圓月,女不祭灶”的俗諺。晚上,皓月初升,婦女們便在院子里、陽臺(tái)上設(shè)案當(dāng)空禱拜。銀燭高燃,香煙繚繞,桌上還擺滿佳果和餅食作為祭禮。當(dāng)?shù)剡€有中秋吃芋頭的習(xí)慣,潮汕有俗諺:“河溪對(duì)嘴,芋仔食到”.八月間,正是芋的收成時(shí)節(jié),農(nóng)民都習(xí)慣以芋頭來祭拜祖先。這固然與農(nóng)事有關(guān),但民間還有一則流傳廣泛的傳說:1279年,蒙古貴族滅了南宋,建立元朝,對(duì)漢人進(jìn)行了殘酷的統(tǒng)治。馬發(fā)據(jù)守潮州抗元,城破后,百姓慘遭屠殺。為了不忘胡人統(tǒng)治之苦,后人就取芋頭與“胡頭”諧音,且形似人頭,以此來祭奠祖先,歷代相傳,至今猶存。
中秋夜燒塔在一些地方也很盛行。塔高1-3公尺不等,多用碎瓦片砌成,大的塔還要用磚塊砌成,約占塔高的1/4,然后再用瓦片疊砌而成,頂端留一個(gè)塔口,供投放燃料用。中秋晚上便點(diǎn)火燃燒,燃料有木、竹、谷殼等,火旺時(shí)潑松香粉,引焰助威,極為壯觀。民間還有賽燒塔規(guī)例,誰把瓦塔燒得全座紅透則勝,不及的或在燃燒過程倒塌的則負(fù),勝的由主持人發(fā)給彩旗、獎(jiǎng)金或獎(jiǎng)品。據(jù)傳燒塔也是元朝末年,漢族人民反抗殘暴統(tǒng)治者,于中秋起義時(shí)舉火為號(hào)的由來。
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