主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)如何辨別
主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)如何辨別
對(duì)于主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)法家們各有不同的看法。以下是由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理關(guān)于什么是主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，希望大家喜歡!
主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)介
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
eg. They caught the boy stealing. (stealing 作為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))
轉(zhuǎn)化為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)The boy was caught stealing. (stealing轉(zhuǎn)化為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))
主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的關(guān)系
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)與主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是密切相關(guān)的。例如：
(1) I saw him playing basketball yesterday.
(2) He was seen playing basketball yesterday.
句(1)中的含義不是我看見(jiàn)他，而是我看見(jiàn)他正在打籃球。playing basketball是賓語(yǔ)him的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。所以叫賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
句(2)中的含義也不是他被看，而是別人看見(jiàn)他正在打籃球。這里的playing basketball是主語(yǔ)he的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，故稱作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一起稱作復(fù)合主語(yǔ)。所以含有主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的句子一般是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是可以接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))的及物動(dòng)詞。句首的主語(yǔ)就是主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)。
主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的形式
1. 動(dòng)詞elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名詞用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
?、?The dog is called Karl.
② Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.
?、?He was found the right man for the job.
2. 動(dòng)詞keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容詞用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
?、?The door was painted white.
?、?The old man was found weak.
?、?The classroom is always kept clean every day.
3. 動(dòng)詞see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分詞用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
?、?He is often heard reading English.
?、?The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.
?、?The glass was found broken.
?、?The classroom was found crowded with people.
4.感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接帶to的不定式用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
?、?He was seen to come upstairs.
?、?Ice is known to be in a solid state.
?、?The spy was ordered to be hanged.
5.介詞短語(yǔ)用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
?、?The books in the study must be kept in good order.
?、?He was found in good health.
?、?English is considered of great importance for us.
6. as后面接名詞、形容詞、分詞等用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
① English is taken as a useful means for research work.
?、?The news is considered as true.
?、?The stool is usually thought as having four legs
?、?The vase is thought as broken.
7. 由what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
The boy has been made what he is.
主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的判別方法
1.看句中的動(dòng)詞是不是可接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，而且是不是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，與此同時(shí)還要看其后部分的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不是句子的主語(yǔ)。
2. 另一種最簡(jiǎn)單的方法是：如果還不能看出來(lái)就可以把全句改成主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，加上一個(gè)主語(yǔ)we或people等。改成主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后，看后面是不是變成了“賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”了，這樣我們就可以判別原句后面是不是主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
被動(dòng)句：She was found reading in the library. (主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))
主動(dòng)句：We found her reading in the library. (賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))
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